Notion of Tawhid: al Quran - haqiqa (formless essence) revelation/enlightenment - nature of
space, forms, order, orients – place man the presence of Divine Unity.
Main architecture of Allah Unity & Uniquity is: Ka’bah : towards which Muslims face their five daily
prayers
Architecture of Ithiram is the presence of showing respect, propriety and good manners to Allah, to fellow mankind and to oneself. The Muslims follow the 5 pillars which are shahada, salat, zakat,fasting and haji which encourages and shows respect to the faith and God. By following these actions, it helps to purify oneself and also builds up inner and outer spiritual fulfilment which finally submit ones own will to Allah. Prophet Muhammad Allah S.A.W is the perfect example of propriety and praiseworthy characteristics. The Al Quran is a guide to practice respect as a virtue for the sake of Allah.
The Kaaba
Called: Holy Ka'bah - cube shape, Ancient House, Al-Bait Al-Haram, Abraham's Building &
Qibla- prayer faces it, Continuously-Visited House.
Al-Masjid al-Haram, the most sacredmosque in Islam, is built around the Kaaba. Muslims are expected to face the Kaaba during prayers, no matter where they are. From any given point in the world, the direction facing the Kaaba is called the Qibla.
Construction & Reconstruction of Ka'bah:
Scholars and historians say that the Kaba has been reconstructed between five to 12 times.
The very first construction of the Kaba was done by Prophet Adam (peace be upon him). Allah says in the Quran that this was the first house that was built for humanity to worship Allah. After this, Prophet Ibrahim and Ismail (peace be upon them) rebuilt the Kaba. The measurements of the Kaba's Ibrahimic foundation are as follows:
-the eastern wall was 48 feet and 6 inches
-the Hateem side wall was 33 feet
-the side between the black stone and the Yemeni corner was 30 feet
-the Western side was 46.5 feet
Following this, there were several constructions before the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) time.
Virtue of Ka'bah
Architecture of Ihtiram (Respect, propriety or adab): [good manners to God, fellow man and oneself]
Architecture of Ihtiram are greatly shown through symbolism. The harmony and the purity of geometric shapes of the Ka'Bah can be found in all sacred Islamic architecture throughout the Islamic world. God made the Ka’bah (the cube), the Sacred House, a symbol for mankind. The Cube Geometry linked the idea of ‘centre'. The idea thus is the fundamental of the traditional architecture.
Ka'bah:
i: each face of the cube corresponding to the primary directions -zenith and nadir
ii: whilst the four corners point towards the cardinal points of the universe.
iii: Ka`bah - the underlying point of convergence between essential cosmic principles and mosque
architecture in the world.
Pure/Divine Cube Geometry
Architecture of Ihtiram is also shown through respecting the essence of Islam & humanity: example of building as sanctuary- Masjidil Haram & Masjidil An Nabawi:
i: Conservation of Par excellence
ii: Waqf – stop, contain and preserve - religious endowment -a voluntary & irrevocable dedication of
one's wealth or a portion of it -cash or kind - benefits - community in general- permanent
donation. Once - created, it can never be donated as a gift, inherited
iii: Sanctuary – Sheltered Court Yard- Suffah, gallery, porticos surround courtyard. Housing for the
Sufis, homeless
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